【人物介紹】
克雷格 哈特曼是美國著名建筑設計師，目前為美國SOM建筑設計事務所的合伙人。他的設計關注當前的時代環境及城市和自然環境的可持續發展。
作品包括美國駐華新使館、哈佛大學西北科學中心、舊金山國際機場、基督之光大教堂（又名奧克蘭大教堂）等。2001年，哈特曼獲得美國建筑師協會(AIA) 加利福尼亞委員會頒發的Maybeck獎，成為該獎最年輕的得主。

Q: As a religious architecture, what specific part did you pay most of your attention to when doing the design? What was you goal when you were thinking about building such a cathedral (Cathedral of Christ the Light/the Oakland Cathedral)?

問：對于一座宗教建筑，您在設計的時候最關注的具體部分是什么？在您考慮建造這樣一座大教堂（基督之光大教堂，又名奧克蘭大教堂）的時候，您的目標是什么？

A: My first concern about the Cathedral was how to make a place of cultural authenticity1. For me this meant respecting the fact that we are building in the 21st century on the Pacific Rim in a city that is one of the most multi-cultural places on earth. I thought it was important to separate the idea of sacred space from the familiar forms that we often associate with religious buildings of other eras the great basilica2form cathedrals of 15th and 16th century Europe, for example and fundamentally examine the meaning of spiritual space in our time.

答：我首先考慮的是如何建造一座能體現文化真實性的建筑。對我來說，這就意味著我要尊重這樣一個事實：我們是在21 世紀太平洋沿岸地區一個最具多元文化的城市建造一座教堂。我認為重要的是要將我們對宗教建筑的概念同我們所熟悉并時常聯想到的其他時代的宗教建筑形態區分開 比如說15世紀和16世紀歐洲宏偉的長方形廊柱大廳式教堂 并從根本上追索我們這個時代精神空間的內涵。
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Q: You said, “My first idea was to make this facility very integrated into the city itself.” Is it why we finally have a cathedral with such a modern appearance? 　　
問：您說過：“我第一個想法是使這座建筑完全同城市本身相融合。”這就是我們最終看到了一座有著現代外觀的教堂的原因嗎？
A: The great value of cities is the cultural richness they provide. I thought this building should be physically and symbolically connected with the city as a powerful social and cultural resource for Oakland. At the same time the Cathedral itself and its grounds should provide a place of respite3from our unrelenting4secular5world. The Cathedral s gardens and dependencies6are very open and connected to the city as an extension of Oakland s Cartesian urban grid. The Cathedral itself is turned slightly from this grid in alignment with the long axis of Lake Merritt. In doing so, the Cathedral is symbolically connected to nature in contrast to the gardens and dependencies. The Cathedral s modern aesthetics spring not from its relationship to the city but rather from its authentic relationship with our contemporary moment in time the 21st century.
答：城市的巨大價值在于其所呈現的豐富多彩的文化。我認為，這座建筑應該作為奧克蘭一個強大的社會與文化資源，在外形和寓意上都與這座城市彼此相聯。同時，教堂本身和它周圍的場地則應該成為人們暫時擺脫嚴酷的世俗世界的地方。教堂的花園和其他附屬建筑非常開闊，它們作為奧克蘭笛卡爾坐標式城市布局的延伸而與城市相連接。與花園和附屬建筑不同的是，教堂本身稍稍偏離這個坐標，同梅里特湖并行，這寓意著它同自然緊密相連。教堂的現代美感并非源自與城市的關系，而是源自其同21世紀這個時代的真實關系。
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Q: Except the appearance, where can we find other innovative elements at the Cathedral you think that our readers cannot miss? How could you combine the modern style with the spirituality of a cathedral?

問：除了外觀，您認為這座教堂還有什么其他的創新是我們的讀者不能忽略的嗎？您怎么將建筑的現代風格同一座教堂的精神內涵相結合？

A: The most important quality of the Cathedral s architecture is its relationship to light. The building itself is luminous through the use of curving exterior veils of translucent7, transparent and opaque glass. Passing through clear glass margins, light strikes the interior surface of these veils causing them to glow with natural light during the day and light from the sanctuary8at night. On the exterior, this creates the constantly changing image of ephemeral9 luminosity10 rather than the ancient perception of architecture as shade, shadow and texture.

答：這座教堂最重要的特質就是其與光線的關系。該建筑本身就是發光的，因為采用層式法安裝了半透明、透明和不透明的玻璃幕墻。經由透明的玻璃邊緣，光線穿透到玻璃幕墻的內層表面，這樣白天自然光就能讓教堂閃亮，而晚上的時候教堂內發出的光也能讓它的外表閃閃發亮。這樣，從外觀來看，它就可以營造出瞬息萬變、流光溢彩的形象，而不是像古時候人們所認為的那樣教堂就是一座陰暗的建筑而已。

Light can be considered the physical manifestation of God s presence, in fact biblical11stories state that light was God s first creation. I wanted this Cathedral to strip away the received iconography12that has been layered upon religious architecture over the centuries and return to the earliest principles of Christianity. The spare rigor of modern architecture was the best way to get there. (To be continued)

光可以被看做是上帝存在的具體體現，事實上圣經故事也說上帝首先創造了光。我希望通過這座教堂能消除人們很多世紀以來對宗教建筑的傳統印象，回歸基督教精神的本真。現代建筑的極度精確性是達到這一目標的最好方式。（待續）

1. authenticity n. 真實性，可靠性

2. basilica n. 長方形廊柱大廳（兩邊各有一排廊柱，一端呈半圓形，古羅馬時用作審判或集會場所）；長方形廊柱大廳式基督教堂

3. respite n. 暫息（時間），喘息（時間），（痛苦等的）暫時緩解

4. unrelenting a. 冷酷無情的，不憐憫的；嚴厲的

5. secular a. 世俗的，塵世的，現世的

6. dependency n. 附屬建筑物，外屋

7. translucent a. 半透明的

8. sanctuary n. 圣所（指教堂、寺院等）

9. ephemeral a. 極短的，短暫的

10. luminosity n. 發光，發亮，光輝

11. biblical a.《圣經》的，有關《圣經》的

12. iconography n.（尤指關于某一宗教題材或傳說的）傳統性形象